I always knew they were different

Fri Mar 18 09:24:25 EST 2005

I guess that if you were up and writing email at 4 in the a.m. you aren't
available for me to feed you breakfast for a trip to goodwill. Isaac was
droped off wet and without a change of clothes. He doesn't have anything to
wear if I take him on the bus and people will think I am being abusive if he
is only wearing a diaper and shoes. Let me know if I am wrong about that and
if you would be able to give me a ride to the Goodwill. I can take the bus
back once he is clothed.
Frances

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Forrest Gunter" <fpgunter at hotmail.com>
To: <austin-ghetto-list at pairlist.net>
Sent: Friday, March 18, 2005 4:14 AM
Subject: Re: I always knew they were different

> What about John Clay's immortal "Ballad of Roger Baker"????????
>                                                         A. Lomax
>
> >From: "Michael Eisenstadt" <michaele at hotpop.com>
> >Reply-To: survivors' reminiscences about Austin Ghetto Daze in the 60s
> ><austin-ghetto-list at pairlist.net>
> >To: "survivors' reminiscences about Austin Ghetto Daze in the 60s"
> ><austin-ghetto-list at pairlist.net>
> >Subject: Re: I always knew they were different
> >Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2005 16:33:17 -0600
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><bc8b51f58a0dce814f415d17f14ec872 at ev1.net><00c001c52b19$305794b0$2cdaead8 at g
errywq5612s9x>
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> >
> >Gerry,
> >
> >Well as for little Jimmy and little Janie figuring it out,
> >that's easy enough to say.
> >
> >Men don't understand women as well as they understand
> >men and women don't understand women as well as they
> >understand men. So neither sex sufficiently understands
> >women. Freud famously said "Was willst das Weib?"
> >'What do women want?'
> >
> >Mike
> >
> >----- Original Message ----- From: "Gerry" <mesmo at gilanet.com>
> >To: "survivors' reminiscences about Austin Ghetto Daze in the 60s"
> ><austin-ghetto-list at pairlist.net>
> >Sent: Thursday, March 17, 2005 11:46 AM
> >Subject: Re: I always knew they were different
> >
> >
> >>Yeah, we needed years of "scientific research" to tell us this...as if
any
> >>boy with a mother or girl with a brother couldn't figure it out.
> >>G
> >>
> >>
> >>----- Original Message -----
> >>From: "Harry Edwards" <laughingwolf at ev1.net>
> >>To: "ghetto survivors" <austin-ghetto-list at pairlist.net>
> >>Sent: Thursday, March 17, 2005 10:21 AM
> >>Subject: Fwd: I always knew they were different
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>Begin forwarded message:
> >>
> >>>From: Harry Edwards <laughingwolf at EV1.NET>
> >>>Date: March 17, 2005 10:58:02 AM CST
> >>>To: GHETTO2 at LISTS.WHATHELPS.COM
> >>>Subject: I always knew they were different
> >>>Reply-To: Remembrances of Austin Ghetto <GHETTO2 at LISTS.WHATHELPS.COM>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-
> >>>xchromosome17mar17,1,6092863.story?coll=la-news-science
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>THE NATION
> >>>
> >>>Women Are Very Much Not Alike, Gene Study Finds
> >>>
> >>>X chromosome diversity among females suggests that in effect 'there is
> >>>not one human genome, but two -- male and female,' researcher says.
> >>>  By Robert Lee Hotz
> >>>  Times Staff Writer
> >>>
> >>>  March 17, 2005
> >>>
> >>>  Scientists have found genetic evidence for what some men have long
> >>>suspected: It is dangerous to make assumptions about women.
> >>>
> >>>  The key is the X chromosome, the feminine sex chromosome that all men
> >>>and women have in common.
> >>>
> >>>  In a study published today in the journal Nature, scientists said
> >>>they had found an unexpectedly large genetic variation on the X
> >>>chromosome among women. The findings were published in conjunction
> >>>with the first comprehensive decoding of the chromosome, which
> >>>appeared in the same journal.
> >>>
> >>>  Females can differ from each other almost as much as they do from
> >>>males in the behavior of many genes at the heart of sexual identity,
> >>>researchers said.
> >>>
> >>>  "Literally every one of the females we looked at had a different
> >>>genetic story," said Duke University genetics expert Huntington
> >>>Willard, who co-wrote the study. "It is not just a little bit of
> >>>variation."
> >>>
> >>>  The analysis also found that the obsessively debated differences
> >>>between men and women were, at least on the genetic level, even
> >>>greater than previously thought.
> >>>
> >>>  As many as 300 of the genes on the X chromosome may be activated
> >>>differently among women than among men, said molecular biologist Laura
> >>>Carrel at Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, the other
> >>>author of the paper.
> >>>
> >>>  The newly discovered genetic variation among women might help account
> >>>for differing gender reactions to prescription drugs and the
> >>>heightened vulnerability of women to some diseases, experts said.
> >>>
> >>>  "The important question becomes how men and women actually vary and
> >>>how much variability there is in females," Carrel said. "We now might
> >>>have new candidate genes that could explain differences between men
> >>>and women."
> >>>
> >>>  All told, men and women may differ by as much as 2% of their entire
> >>>genetic inheritance, greater than the hereditary gap between humankind
> >>>and its closest relative - the chimpanzee.
> >>>
> >>>  "In essence," Willard said, "there is not one human genome, but two -
> >>>male and female."
> >>>
> >>>  Scientists estimate that there may be as many as 30,000 genes in the
> >>>chemical DNA blueprint for human growth and development known as the
> >>>human genome.
> >>>
> >>>  The genes are parceled out in 23 pairs of rod-like structures called
> >>>chromosomes contained in every cell of the body.
> >>>
> >>>  The most distinctive of the chromosomes are the mismatched pair of X
> >>>and Y chromosomes that guide sexual development.
> >>>
> >>>  Until now, researchers considered the shuffle of sex chromosomes at
> >>>conception a simple matter of genetic roulette.
> >>>
> >>>  The chromosomes that dictate sexual development are mixed and matched
> >>>in predictable combinations: A female inherits one X chromosome from
> >>>each parent; a male inherits an X chromosome from his mother and a Y
> >>>chromosome from his father.
> >>>
> >>>  To avoid any toxic effect from double sets of X genes, female cells
> >>>randomly choose one copy of the X chromosome and silence it - or so
> >>>scientists had believed.
> >>>
> >>>  The new analysis found that the second X chromosome was not a silent
> >>>partner. As many as 25% of its genes are active, serving as blueprints
> >>>to make necessary proteins.
> >>>
> >>>  To investigate this variation, Carrel and Willard isolated cells from
> >>>40 women and measured the activity of hundreds of genes to see whether
> >>>those on the second X chromosome were active or silent.
> >>>
> >>>  Although those extra genes were supposed to be turned off, they found
> >>>that about 15% of them in all female cells were still active, or in
> >>>the terminology of genetics, "expressed." In some women, up to an
> >>>additional 10% of those X-linked genes showed varying patterns of
> >>>activity.
> >>>
> >>>  "This is 200 to 300 genes that are expressed up to twice as much as
> >>>in a male or some other females," Willard said. "This is a huge
> >>>number."
> >>>
> >>>  Researchers were surprised that they found so many unexpected
> >>>differences in the behavior of the one sex chromosome that men and
> >>>women share.
> >>>
> >>>  Though there is dramatic variation in the activation of genes on the
> >>>X chromosomes that women inherit, there is none among those in men,
> >>>the researchers reported.
> >>>
> >>>  Researchers have yet to understand the effect of so many different
> >>>patterns of gene activation among women or determine what controls
> >>>them, but all the evidence suggests that they are not random.
> >>>
> >>>  "What had looked like a simple yes or no has turned into a thousand
> >>>shades of gray," said molecular biologist David Page, an expert on sex
> >>>evolution at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in
> >>>Cambridge, Mass.
> >>>
> >>>  Illuminating this complex palette was the work of an international
> >>>team of 250 scientists led by geneticist Mark Ross at the Wellcome
> >>>Trust Sanger Institute in Hinxton, England. The team produced the
> >>>first complete sequence of the X chromosome about two years after the
> >>>decoding of the male Y chromosome.
> >>>
> >>>  The researchers found that the X chromosome, though relatively poor
> >>>in genes, is rich in influence, deceptively subtle, and occasionally
> >>>deadly to males.
> >>>
> >>>  The international team identified 1,098 functional genes along the X
> >>>chromosome, more than 14 times as many as scientists had located on
> >>>the tiny Y chromosome.
> >>>
> >>>  Even so, the researchers said, there were fewer genes to be found on
> >>>the X chromosome than on any of the other 22 chromosomes sequenced so
> >>>far.
> >>>
> >>>  Most of the X genes are slightly smaller than average. But one is the
> >>>largest known gene in the human genome, a segment of DNA linked to
> >>>diseases such as muscular dystrophy that is more than 2.2 million
> >>>characters long.
> >>>
> >>>  The X chromosome contains a larger share of genes linked to disease
> >>>than any other chromosome.
> >>>
> >>>  It is implicated in 300 hereditary disorders, including color
> >>>blindness, hemophilia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nearly 10% of
> >>>the genes may belong to a group known to be more active in testicular
> >>>cancers, melanomas and other cancers, the team reported.
> >>>
> >>>  "The biggest surprise for us was just how many of these
> >>>[cancer-related] genes there are on the X," Ross said. "There are very
> >>>few of these elsewhere on the genome."
> >>>
> >>>  The complete gene sequence provided some clues to the origins of the
> >>>human sex chromosomes.
> >>>
> >>>  The researchers found that most of the genes on the X chromosome
> >>>reside on chromosome 1 and chromosome 4 of chickens.
> >>>
> >>>  That supports the theory that the human sex chromosomes evolved from
> >>>a regular pair of chromosomes about 300 million years ago when
> >>>chickens and humans shared a common ancestor.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>  If you want other stories on this topic, search the Archives at
> >>>latimes.com/archives.
> >>
> >>
> >>
>
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> >>> >
> >>> > Copyright 2005 Los Angeles Times
> >>> >
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